Intel Announces Ohio Fab Complex: 2 New Fabs For $20B, And Space For More
by Ryan Smith on January 21, 2022 1:00 PM ESTWith fab expansions on tap across the entire semiconductor industry, Intel today is laying out their own plans for significantly increasing their production capacity by announcing their intention to build a new $20 billion fab complex in Ohio. With the paperwork already inked and construction set to begin in late 2022, Intel will be building two new leading-edge fabs in their new Ohio location to support future chip needs. And should further demand call for it, the Ohio complex has space to house several more fabs.
Intel’s announcement follows ongoing concerns about chip fab capacity and national security, as like other chip fabs, Intel is looking to expand their capacity in future years amidst the current chip crunch. All the while, the United States government has become increasingly mindful about how much chip production takes place in geopolitically tricky Taiwan, placing additional pressure on firms to build additional fabs within the US. To that end, Intel has been not-so-secretly undertaking a search to find a good location for a new fab campus, and they have finally found their answer in Ohio.
The new site, Intel’s first new manufacturing site location in 40 years, is located in New Albany, Ohio, just outside of Columbus. Up until now, all of Intel’s major chip fab sites have been in the western United States – Oregon, Arizona, and at one point, Silicon Valley – so the Ohio site is a significant move for the company. All told, the Ohio “mega-site”, as Intel likes to call it, covers nearly 1000 acres. And while Intel is only initially planning for two fabs, the site offers plenty of room to grow, offering enough space for a total of 8 fabs.
The immediate goal of the company – and the crux of today’s announcement – revolves around the building of two new leading-edge fabs at the Ohio location. According to Intel, these two fabs will begin construction late this year, with production coming online in 2025. The company isn’t formally stating what the initial process node will be – instead saying that it will be using the "industry's most advanced transistor technologies" – however if the company is indeed building truly bleeding-edge fabs, then 2025 lines up with Intel’s 18A process, which will be 4 generations newer than what Intel is using now (Intel 7).
Altogether, Intel expects the project to cost about $20 billion, which is similar to what Intel will be spending for its two new Arizona fabs, which were announced just under a year ago. And further down the line, should Intel opt to fill the rest of the property with the other 6 fabs that the site can support, the company expects that the total price tag could reach nearly $100 billion. Ultimately, the company is making it clear that they are priming the site not just to met their mid-term production needs with the initial two fabs, but are making sure to have the space ready for further capacity expansion over the long-term.
As to whether Intel eventually builds those further 6 fabs, that will depend on a few factors. Key among these will be demand from Intel Foundry Services clients; while Intel will be using some of the Ohio site’s capacity for their own needs, the site will also be used to fab chips for IFS customers. If Intel’s bid to break into the contract fab business is successful, and the company is able to woo over additional clients/orders, then they will need to build additional fabs to meet that demand.
Also hanging in the balance is what the US Government opts for, both in terms of orders and incentives. The Ohio fabs will be used for domestic production of sensitive chips, as the US looks to secure its supply lines. Meanwhile the CHIPS for America Act and its 53 billion in incentives will also be a. Intel for its part isn’t playing coy about its interest in the CHIPS money, explicitly stating that “The scope and pace of Intel’s expansion in Ohio, however, will depend heavily on funding from the CHIPS Act”. In some respects Intel is taking a bit of a gamble by investing in the Ohio location before any CHIPS funding is approved – on a pure cost basis, overseas production is traditionally cheaper – so there is certainly a political element in announcing these fabs and selecting an Ohio location. And as an added incentive to the US Government, Pat Gelsinger has told Time that Intel would even be interested in bringing some chip packaging, assembly, and testing back to the US if the CHIPS Act were funded, which in turn would allow Intel to do every last step of production within the US.
But more immediately, Intel’s focus is on getting its first two Ohio fabs up and running. Along with building the facilities they’ll need a workforce to operate them, and as a result the company is also pledging $100M over a decade in funding for local educational efforts. As with similar local industry efforts, that investment would be focused on helping local colleges and universities establish semiconductor manufacturing curricula to help train the technical workforce required.
And while outside of Intel’s own investment scope, the creation of their Ohio fab complex means that Intel’s suppliers are also coming along for the ride. According to the company, Air Products, Applied Materials, LAM Research and Ultra Clean Technology have all indicated that they’ll be setting up facilities in the area. All of which the company is using to further underscore the size of the project and the value it brings to the area – and why they deserve that CHIPS Act funding.
Ultimately, the addition of a third US fab site and two more fabs to Intel’s portfolio is the latest step Intel has taken under Pat Gelsinger’s IDM 2.0 strategy. Gelsinger opted to go all-in on having Intel fab chips for themselves and others, and this is the kind of expansion that Gelsinger has been alluding to as necessary to make IDM 2.0 a reality. Taken altogether, Intel now has 4 leading-edge fabs set to come online in the 2024-2025 timeframe, and with any luck on Intel’s part, there will be room for several more to come.
Source: Intel
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TheinsanegamerN - Saturday, January 22, 2022 - link
Local construction companies are pushing some juicy contracts to attract workers. That industry is in an insane boom between this and the housing buildup.cowymtber - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
How is Intel going to pay for these fabs, when EPYC takes over 50% market share?mode_13h - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
Eh, between TSMC's supply constraints and the industry-wide shift towards ARM, I don't really see that happening.Anyway, let's say AMD + ARM manage to put Xeon on a steady downward trajectory. Intel's new foundry business can always pivot to making ARM-based CPUs. Or RISC-V, or whatever.
And don't forget, some of them could even be designed by Intel! Intel isn't going to stay x86 forever. Just like how they replaced Xeon Phi with non-x86 HPC processors, they will shift their server CPU offerings away from x86, if the market demands it.
Valantar - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
It is honestly so depressing to see architectural drawings for a high-tech, massive budget facility like this planned for near-future construction and have it include _zero_ renewable energy generation. Open-plan car parks are not only an ecological disaster and a massive waste of land, but if strictly necessary the very least they could do would be to roof them over with solar panels. The same goes for the fab buildings - there is zero reason for those roofs not to be covered in solar panels. All that open area in flat terrain should also be excellent for wind turbines (obviously built so as not to cause vibrations that might affect production). Though tbh given the budget of something like this, splurging on a multi-story parking garage (still covered with solar panels, including side walls) and leaving the unused land as meadows (promoting biodiversity in what is likely mostly monocultural quasi-desert) would be _by far_ the preferred solution, and a minor added cost overall.mode_13h - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
I think the impact of the solar panels would be negligible compared to the plant's energy demands, but it wouldn't hurt. The point about maintaining some wild land or parks around the complex is a good idea.Valantar - Monday, January 24, 2022 - link
You're missing the point a bit: I'm not asking for net zero energy, I'm asking them to make a damn effort. Net zero energy for any major industrial installation from renewable in its own area is essentially impossible. That doesn't alleviate them from the responsibility of doing what they can. Ideally, the permits to build this would come with a requirement to fund the building of significant renewable energy sources in the same area. But barring that, anyone occupying a significant plot of land like this for industrial purposes still has a responsibility to care for it and its surroundings both in terms of energy generation, pollution, biodiversity, noise and light pollution, and many other factors.mode_13h - Monday, January 24, 2022 - link
Yeah, I get that. Hopefully, Intel will add solar panels as a mere matter of economics.ABR - Monday, January 24, 2022 - link
Agreed. Building for the future like they're in the 1990's.Eskimonster - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
Since now every cpu can "do the job" i wish they would focus more on enviroment when producing chips.ChrisGX - Sunday, January 23, 2022 - link
>>The scope and pace of Intel’s expansion in Ohio, however, will depend heavily on funding from the CHIPS Act<<Shock, horror, Intel has its snout in the trough.